In response to national and local managed care pressures and reform initiatives, health care organizations are searching for ways to deliver more cost effective, higher-quality care, including the application of industrial quality control principles to the provision of health care services. Known as continuous quality improvement (CQJ) or total quality management (TQM), the hope is that widespread implementation of the underlying philosophy, approaches, and tools of CQl/TQM will result in an ability to both maintain and improve quality while controlling increases in costs.
The key elements in a combined definition of CQl/TQM include continuous improvement, customer focus, structured processes, and organization-wide participation. CQi tQM differs from the traditional quality assurance in many ways; among the most important is CQl/TQM's focus on understanding and improving underlying work processes and systems versus the traditional quality assurance emphasis on correcting after-the-fact errors of individuals.
Considerable interest has been expressed by hospital leaders in adopt ing the CQl/TQM approach. In fact, a recent national survey of 3,303 hospitals indicates that 69 percent have actively begun to implement the basic components of CQl/TQM with 75 percent of these efforts having been launched in the past two years. Although there is a growing descriptive and prescriptive literature regarding the implementation of CQl/TQM in health care organizations no systematic evidence exists as yet to demonstrate CQl/TQM's superiority to existing or alternative approaches to quality assurance and improvement
In response to national and local managed care pressures and reform initiatives, health care organizations are searching for ways to deliver more cost effective, higher-quality care, including the application of industrial quality control principles to the provision of health care services. Known as continuous quality improvement (CQJ) or total quality management (TQM), the hope is that widespread implementation of the underlying philosophy, approaches, and tools of CQl/TQM will result in an ability to both maintain and improve quality while controlling increases in costs.The key elements in a combined definition of CQl/TQM include continuous improvement, customer focus, structured processes, and organization-wide participation. CQi tQM differs from the traditional quality assurance in many ways; among the most important is CQl/TQM's focus on understanding and improving underlying work processes and systems versus the traditional quality assurance emphasis on correcting after-the-fact errors of individuals.Considerable interest has been expressed by hospital leaders in adopt ing the CQl/TQM approach. In fact, a recent national survey of 3,303 hospitals indicates that 69 percent have actively begun to implement the basic components of CQl/TQM with 75 percent of these efforts having been launched in the past two years. Although there is a growing descriptive and prescriptive literature regarding the implementation of CQl/TQM in health care organizations no systematic evidence exists as yet to demonstrate CQl/TQM's superiority to existing or alternative approaches to quality assurance and improvement
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