Step 5: Exposure assessment The waste management option for textiles was identified as recycling (Step 2), during which the ENM is either embedded or coated in the structure (Step 3), and an environmental exposure assessment has to be related to airborne particles and secondarily through water and soil after ENM deposition (Step 4). Recycling facilities are probably located in populated areas, meaning that both humans and ecosystems may be exposed. As mentioned previously, large amounts of