I. INTRODUCTION
Ergonomics enhances human performance including the health, safety and productivity of workers. The International Ergonomics Association (IEA) defines ergonomics as; the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance. In the current market scenario, cost fall technique is on stage significant role to meet the competition in the market. Drop weight, ease in design and appliance of industrial engineering etc. are the basis of the techniques which are used. Different sizes components or products used in rural areas are regularly manufactured in small scale industries such as farming machinery, thrashers, Cultivators and Harvestor etc. It has been practical that these rural products are not correctly designed. These products are by and big manufactured as per need, by trial and error methods of manufacturing. These products are receiving improved by means of opinion of failure as and when it occurs. Large industrial sectors have not up till now entered in manufacturing of these products; hence no major development in design of rural product has been completed so far. Thus most of rural products are manufactured without ease of use of design. Cultivators and Harvestor are manufactured in small to moderate scale industries. Though Cultivators and Harvestor are manufactured of various capacities by various industries, still there is a huge deviation in manufacturing methods, part designs etc.
The ergonomics is the key importance in design of work place, series of production, well working environment, working method, security at work, personal security etc. which will as a result helps in falling fatigue, stress and human strain, strength (internal capacity), humanizing efficiency, overview of work, progress in the quality of services and product, integration of safety, establishing a healthy culture work, etc. It has been observed that while manufacturing the goods rural industries do not take into account the ergonomic method of manufacturing it.
Padma Agro Industries. MIDC Wardha is one of the leading manufacturers of Cultivators and Harvestor driven agricultural implements in the central India. The manufacturing operation consists of turning, cutting and drilling various steel sections by machining process at different workstations. The existing plant layout is the combination of various process, product and fixed layout governed for different phases of manufacturing of Cultivators. Machining is the main process which contributes a major part of total manufacturing of the product. Machining workstation at fixed layout are observed and noted and found that there is scope of improvement as regard the ergonomics and industrial engineering aspects are concerned for Machining.
Machining in the industry is done on standing posture as the fixture used for Machining is placed on the ground. Continuously worker has to stand on that posture and has to perform Machining of turn table. It is observed and found that due to continuous standing posture worker get fatigued frequently and musculoskeletal problems are identified in them which is then justified by using REBA.
The workers are doing work mainly in standing and forward bending postures they are found out with the more problems of MSDs as compared to those who are doing the same work in kneeling posture. The data is analyzed as per the occupational experience of the workers. The number of sites of musculoskeletal pain has increased with the increase in
length of experience.
It is found that with the increase in length of experience of work that is with the increase in years of working the site of pain is increasing and it can be reduced by evaluation of existing posture and with the change of suitable posture. The problems in the standing postures are less as compared to the existing postures which they are following currently in the
industry. Due to large size of machining table and continuous rotating of machining table severe problem of shoulder may occur and because of it worker might not work properly for long years and will might not lift weight in future.