In addition, for the TML, the ADF (method 973.18; AOAC,2004) and the residual nitrogen in ADF (ADFN; method954.01; AOAC, 2004) were determined and used to estimate the amount of chitin (Bernard and Allen, 1997; Finke, 2007) as follows: chitin (%) = ash free ADF (%)– ADFN × 6.25 (%). The full AA composition of TML and SBM used for diet AA calculation was supplied by the manufacturer and was reported in a previous study in which the same insect meal was used.