Fourteen microsatellite loci were used to examine genetic changes of four strains in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus) derived from genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) and two strains derived from a local
Chitralada strain of Nile tilapia in Thailand. Reference populations, including the ninth generation of GIFT
strain, the original Chitralada strain, two conspecific reference populations from Ivory Coast and Uganda,
and one population each of Oreochromis mossambicus and