Learning literature review – implications for design
for education
1. Analysing & Designing Learning
Environments for the 21st Century
2. Historical Developments in the
Understanding of Learning
3. The Cognitive Perspective on
Learning
4. The Crucial Role of Emotions &
Motivation in Learning
5. Developmental & Biological Bases of
Learning
6. Formative Assessment 7. Technology and Learning
8. Cooperative Learning & Group-work
9. Inquiry-based Learning
10. The Community and Academic Service
Learning
11. The Effects of Family on Learning
12. Implementing Innovation: from visions to
everyday practice
13. Future Directions“The Principles of Learning”
Learning environments should:
• Make learning central, encourage engagement, and be where learners
come to understand themselves as learners (‘self-regulation’)
• Ensure that learning is social and often collaborative
• Be highly attuned to learners’ motivations and the importance of
emotions
• Be acutely sensitive to individual differences including in prior knowledge
• Be demanding for each learner but without excessive overload
• Use assessments consistent with its aims, with strong emphasis on
formative feedback
• Promote horizontal connectedness across activities and subjects, in-and
out-of-school
All should be present, not just one or two! 7