The main reasons for the unexpectednumber of dropouts may lie in the low esteem still given to phys-ical exercise in geriatric facilities in our country, the ignorance ofits potential long-term benefits and the difficulties in maintain-ing a stable participation during 15 months. A further limitationto consider is that effective single blinding was not feasible for thefunctional mobility measure. Due to the logistics, the physiother-apists could not be held blind to participant’s performance on theTUG since they obviously knew to whom they were administeringthe exercise program. No information was obtained regarding thespecific type of dementia diagnosis among the participants. Finally,lack of brain neuroimaging and biochemical data hinder furtherassessment of the physiological mechanisms involved in the effectsof physical activity.