Astronomy (n): the science which studies all the phenomena of the heavenly bodies. (Greek: astronomos star-arranging; astron star, nemein to distribute, arrange)
Astrology (n): aspurious science which studies the positions and movements of the stars and planets in the belief that they affect the events and influence human affairs. (Greek: astron star logos word, reason)
Mathematics emerged from the need for practical measurements and computations and expanded into a science in its own right.
Demanding no manual work, mathematics is very much agreeable to the pu reasoning concept of Greek science.
Chemistry, as a science, evolved late; and its contribution to the development of human thought was neglected by science historians. Apart from understanding the chemical laws and processes, factors in early philosophy and technology must be traced and considered in order to comprehend the courses of evolution of chemistry.
Ancient Technology
Chemistry always consists of two parts: a practical or technological aspect, and a theoretical aspect.
The science of modern chemistry came into being in the second half of the sixteenth century, but its beginning goes back to the Stone Age, even before the emergence of Homo sapiens sapiens.
The stone age, which is the longest period of human history, began about two million years ago when the ancestors of modern humans started to use stone tools. The stone age came to an end when man began to work metals on a large scale.
In the earliest stage the two parts of chemistry had been separately considered.
The technological aspect revolved around the practical development of the artisans working with substances (e.g. dyes, metal, glass), whilst the theoretical aspect was speculated by the earliest thinkers -- philosophers, and cosmologists.