Nine compounds were isolated and identified from the stem of Picramnia antidesma. Two of the isolated compounds: mayoside and saroside, which is new, are diastereoisomeric oxanthrones. The structure of saroside has been obtained on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The absolute configuration of this diastereoisomeric pair has been determined by CD spectra, and that of saroside was further established by X-ray crystallographic analysis.