4.2.5. Creating effective cross-boundary and transnational
management
Some failures of marine resource management can be
attributed to inadequately set boundaries. For example, critical
source locations such as spawning grounds may not be protected,
or the self-replenishing populations of target species may extend
across several management jurisdictions that fail to, or are ineffective in coordinating their management actions (Sale et al., 2005). In
addition, climate change is expected in some cases to alter the spatial arrangement of habitats or distributions of species (Cheung
et al., 2013). MSP, as visualized here, may facilitate management
across boundaries, and the revisions to zoning that will be
necessary to correct inadequacies or accommodate change in
distribution of habitats.