Table 2 illustrates some of themost promising pretreatment categories that can be commercialized for the biofuel industry. However, none of those can be declared outstanding as each pretreatment has its intrinsic advantages and disadvantages. An
effective pretreatment is characterized by several criteria: avoiding size reduction, preserving hemicellulose fractions, limiting formation of inhibitors due to degradation products, minimizing energy input, andbeing cost-effective. Except for these criteria, severalother factors are also needed to be considered, including recovery of high valueadded co-products (e.g., lignin and protein), pretreatment catalyst, catalyst recycling, and waste treatment [57].
Table 2 illustrates some of themost promising pretreatment categories that can be commercialized for the biofuel industry. However, none of those can be declared outstanding as each pretreatment has its intrinsic advantages and disadvantages. Aneffective pretreatment is characterized by several criteria: avoiding size reduction, preserving hemicellulose fractions, limiting formation of inhibitors due to degradation products, minimizing energy input, andbeing cost-effective. Except for these criteria, severalother factors are also needed to be considered, including recovery of high valueadded co-products (e.g., lignin and protein), pretreatment catalyst, catalyst recycling, and waste treatment [57].
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