In connectionless communications, data is broadcast directly viaadvertisement payloads and all neighbors (i.e., nodes in wirelessrange) can receive it. Since the payload is limited to a certain size(31 bytes in Bluetooth 4.1), a single advertisement can transmitonly very short messages. Splitting and reassembling data for mul-tiple advertisements can help with large data transmissions, butthere will be a trade-off between data volume, transmission over-head, and packet loss. Therefore, connectionless communication istypically used for BLE beaconing, where beacons operate as adver-tisers and continuously broadcast a specific packet containing in-formation for various purposes. The advertising process consumesvery little energy and the theoretical life of a BLE beacon poweredby a coin cell battery can be up to 14 years