This paper presents overview of the application of solid-phase denitrification for nitrate removal from water and wastewater.
The types of solid carbon sources commonly used, the parameters affecting denitrification rate such as temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO), the characteristics and microbial community of biofilm attached on the biodegradable carriers, the adverse effects of solid-phase denitrification and the cost of denitrification are introduced and evaluated.
The challenge of this technique and future outlook are proposed.
The present paperwould be useful for researchers and engineers