The story of Thailand’s oceans and

The story of Thailand’s oceans and seas captures the tensions of sustainable development in a clamshell. On the one hand, the rich natural resources of Thailand’s coastal areas have been instrumental in driving positive growth and development, especially since the 1970s. Oil and natural gas reserves, the enormous tourism industry and one of the world’s biggest seafood industries are now the basis of millions of jobs and are all major drivers of the modern-day Thai economy.

But in their wake, these developments have left some toxic residues that illustrate two of the common global scourges of the rush for growth: environmental and human exploitation. Wherever there are natural and financial riches at stake, expect unsustainable practices fueled by short-term opportunism.

Thailand’s 22 National Marine Parks, encompassing more than 6,000 square kilometers, are among the most beautiful tropical sites in the world and studies in biodiversity, with coral reefs, mangrove forests and seagrasses inhabited by endangered species like the dugong (or sea cow), marine turtles, manta rays and whale sharks. But the authorities have rarely strictly regulated the tide of tourists or the construction of tourism infrastructure. As a result, biomass in and around many parks has declined due to this encroachment as well as illegal fishing.

Islands like Koh Chang, Koh Samet, Koh Lanta, Koh Phi Phi and the archipelagos of the Surin and Similan island chains, which all reside within the confines of supposedly protected parks, are inundated with tourists. Only the latter two, because they are closed during the six months of the monsoon season from May to November, have truly retained their pristine nature.

But tourism is far from the only culprit in what is a multi-pronged issue, not just for Thailand but for many other countries surrounded by water. Around the world, ocean acidification is contaminating marine ecosystems, just as overfishing has decimated fish stocks. (Marine biologists believe that 90 percent of the bigger species like tuna have been fished out already.) Destructive fishing methods such as bottom trawling have destroyed many coral reefs, the world’s second most productive ecosystems after rainforests, or substantially reduced the coral cover, and the purse seine nets that some industrial trawlers use scoop up loads of other marine creatures known as by-catch. Coral bleaching and the dip in bigger marine creatures like mantas and whale sharks have threatened the kingdom’s reputation as one of the world’s best dive spots.
Thailand’s significant fishing industry has also come under the spotlight for its use of forced labor on vessels, either legal or illegal, which caused the US to downgrade the kingdom to the lowest rung on its annual human trafficking list in 2014. As the government looks to enact new regulations to comply with international standards and protect fishermen, the Thai seafood industry, worth an estimated US$7 billion per year, is still reeling fromthose allegations and faces a potential ban from the EU on its seafood products

Compounding these challenges is the industrial activity along the coasts. In previous decades, discoveries of natural gas and oil in the Gulf of Thailand fueled the industrialization of the country’s Eastern Seaboard and the growth of the nation as a whole, with the state-run Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate and deep-water port in Rayong province built to host petrochemical companies and other heavy industries. Unfortunately, since 2004, there have been more than a dozen oil spills and leakages. As with so many other environmental issues either on land or at sea, the long-term effects of these pollutants on their respective environs and the creatures that live there are as yet unknown.

Now that the contentious Southern Seaboard Development Plan is pending final approval, concerns are mounting that these resource-rich waters off the coasts of Songkhla and Satun provinces may be damaged by a new wave of development. As alternatives to Map Ta Phut, the new deep-sea ports could be much-needed sources of employment and revenue. But locals worry that the mega-projects may threaten two of the region’s biggest earners – fishing and tourism – displacing many community members who rely on these sectors for their livelihoods.

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

The tension of the sustainability of ocean and sea snails caught in Thailand. One hand. Rich natural resources of the coastal areas of the country have been instrumental in driving the positive growth and development. Especially since the 1970s , oil and natural gas. The large tourist industry And the seafood industry is the largest in the world, one of the foundation, now millions of jobs. And a driver All major economies of Thailand today , but in their wake. These developments have some left. Residues that shows universal scourges of accelerated growth: the exploitation of the environment. And humans are all rich in nature and stakes. Expected short Opportunism is fueled by unsustainable practices. 22 of the National Cambodian covers over 6,000 square kilometers. Tropical beautiful sites in the world and study biodiversity. The coral reefs, mangroves and seagrasses inhabited by species such as the manatee. (Threatened with extinction), sea turtles and whale sharks, manta but officials did not strictly control the construction of the tourists or the tourism infrastructure. As. Biomass in and around the parks have declined due to poaching as well as illegal fishing. The island of Koh Chang, Koh Lanta and Koh Phi Phi Islands, the Surin and Similan Island chain. All of which are within the boundaries of the park supposedly protected. Cover with. Only after two Since they are closed during the monsoon season from May to November. Six months have truly fixed nature of them. But the tour is far from the only culprit in trouble. Multi-pronged, not just for Ireland but for other countries surrounded by water around the world. The acidity of the oceans will contaminate the marine ecosystem as overfishing has decimated fish stocks. (Marine biologists believe that 90 percent of large species such as tuna are fished out) how destructive fishing such as search. below are destroying coral reefs Ecosystem second most powerful in the world of the forest. Or covered coral greatly reduced and nets purse seine using nets some industry Pitchfork called by catching marine rich coral bleaching and dip in the sea creatures such large mantas and whale sharks have a reputation of Britain as a black spot. the best water in the world was threatening the fishing industry in Thailand has come under the spotlight for labor aboard any legal or illegal. As a result of the US A downgrade in the next realm of human trafficking every year. 2557 as the government has shown new rules to comply with international standards. And protect fishermen Seafood Industry Valued at approximately US $ 7 billion a year is still reeling Fromthose allegations and face a potential EU ban on seafood products from compounding these challenges is the activity. Industry along the coast , in the previous decade. Natural gas and oil discovery in the Gulf of Thailand on the east coast of the country and fueled the growth of the country as a whole. State of the Map Ta Phut and the Port of Rayong was built to host the petrochemical and other heavy industries. Unfortunately 2547 is leaked and spilled oil over a dozen. As with many other environmental problems on land or at sea, the long-term effects. of these pollutants by Oates and live a life that is not yet known. the controversy Southern Seaboard development plan, pending final approval of concern would be that. These marine resources off the coast of Songkhla. And the offense may be damaged The new wave of development. As an alternative for MTP. The new deepwater port could be a much needed source of employment and income , but instead were worried. Large projects may threaten the two largest in the region. - Fishing and tourism - community members, many of whom rely on these sectors for their livelihoods.

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

เรื่องราวของมหาสมุทรและทะเลของไทยจับความตึงเครียดของการพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืนในหอย. ในมือข้างหนึ่งที่ทรัพยากรธรรมชาติอุดมสมบูรณ์ของพื้นที่ชายฝั่งทะเลของประเทศไทยได้รับประโยชน์ในการผลักดันการเติบโตในเชิงบวกและการพัฒนาโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งตั้งแต่ปี 1970. น้ำมันและธรรมชาติสำรองก๊าซ , อุตสาหกรรมการท่องเที่ยวอย่างมากและเป็นหนึ่งในใหญ่ที่สุดในโลกในขณะนี้อุตสาหกรรมอาหารทะเลเป็นพื้นฐานของล้านของงานและมีทุกปัจจัยสำคัญของโมเดิร์นวันที่เศรษฐกิจไทย. But in the wake of these developments, they have left some toxic residue that shows two scourges worldwide interoperability for rapid growth. Environmental and human exploitation wherever there is a wealth of natural and financial shares that practice unsustainable fueled by opportunistic short. Thailand's 22 national marine park, covering over 6000. square kilometers is one of the most beautiful sites in the world and in the study of biodiversity, coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass inhabited by endangered species such as the manatee. (Or sea cows), sea turtles, manta rays and whale sharks. But the authorities have not controlled strictly a tourist or construction of tourism infrastructure. As a result. Biomass and parks around has decreased since the invasion, as well as illegal fishing. The islands such as Koh Chang, Koh Samet, Koh Phi Phi and Koh Surin and Similan Island chain, all of which live within the boundaries. the park is protected, supposedly, are flooded with tourists. only the latter two because they were closed in the last six months of the monsoon season from May to November, has preserved the true nature pristine. them. but the tour is far from the only culprit. What is the problem, not just a multi-pronged. But for Ireland but for other countries surrounded by water. Global Ocean Acidification is contamination in the marine ecosystem, as well as overfishing has devastated fish. (Marine biologists believe that 90 percent of the species. the large fish such as tuna have been fished out.) destructive fishing. Methods such as bottom trawling is destroying coral reefs, many ecosystems are very productive second largest in the world after a rain forest or decrease significantly cover the coral and net pockets Seine that some trawlers industry to draw up loads of creatures. other marine known as by-catch. coral bleaching and a dip in the sea creatures such large Mantas and whale sharks have threatened the reputation of the Kingdom as one of the diving spots in the world fishing industry of Thailand. has also come under the spotlight for its use of forced labor aboard both legal or illegal, which caused the US to cut its kingdom to the lowest rung in the trafficking of human years. in 2014, as the government has issued new rules to comply with the international standards and protecting fishermen, the seafood industry of Thailand, worth approximately US $ 7 billion per year is still reeling Fromthose allegations and face. the potential of the EU ban on the seafood mix these challenges as industrial activity along the coast. in the decades before the discovery of natural gas and fuel oil in the Gulf of Thailand. Industry of the Eastern and the growth of the overall state work Map Ta Phut industrial estate and a deep water port in Rayong province, which was built to host the petrochemical and other heavy industries. Unfortunately, since 2004. has more than a dozen oil spills and leaks. as with so many other environmental issues, either on land or at sea, the long term effects of these pollutants. In their environment and the creatures that live there as yet. Unknown. This is a controversial plan to develop the southern coastal areas, is pending approval in the final. . Concerns are mounting that these waters rich in resources off the coast of Songkhla and Satun, may be damaged by the new wave of development. As an alternative, in the Map Ta Phut deep water port might be. a source of employment and income needed. . But residents are concerned that large projects may threaten the income of the largest in the region - fishing and tourism - a place of community members, many of whom rely on these sectors for their livelihood.