. There are
indications that bioflocculation may be initiated by info chemicals
[47]. Recently, an infochemical isolated from a
senescent and flocculating culture of a Skeletonema species
was found to be capable of inducing flocculation in a culture
of another species of microalgae [48].
Bacteria or fungi can also induce bioflocculation of
microalgae. Some fungi, for instance, have positively
charged hyphae that can interact with the negatively
charged microalgal cell surface and cause flocculation
[49,50]. Specific consortia of bacteria can also induce flocculation
of microalgae [51,52]. These flocculating fungi or
bacteria can be cultivated separately or in combination
with the microalgae. Cultivating bacteria or fungi in combination
with microalgae requires a carbon source in the
medium. In wastewater, a carbon source is usually present
and this allows cocultivation of microalgae and bacteria.
This results in a culture of mixed algal–bacterial flocs that
can be easily harvested [53,54]. The use of bacteria or fungi
as a flocculating agent avoids chemical contamination of
the biomass but results in microbiological contamination,
which may also interfere with food or feed applications of
the microalgal biomass.
. There areindications that bioflocculation may be initiated by info chemicals[47]. Recently, an infochemical isolated from asenescent and flocculating culture of a Skeletonema specieswas found to be capable of inducing flocculation in a cultureof another species of microalgae [48].Bacteria or fungi can also induce bioflocculation ofmicroalgae. Some fungi, for instance, have positivelycharged hyphae that can interact with the negativelycharged microalgal cell surface and cause flocculation[49,50]. Specific consortia of bacteria can also induce flocculationof microalgae [51,52]. These flocculating fungi orbacteria can be cultivated separately or in combinationwith the microalgae. Cultivating bacteria or fungi in combinationwith microalgae requires a carbon source in themedium. In wastewater, a carbon source is usually presentand this allows cocultivation of microalgae and bacteria.This results in a culture of mixed algal–bacterial flocs thatcan be easily harvested [53,54]. The use of bacteria or fungias a flocculating agent avoids chemical contamination ofthe biomass but results in microbiological contamination,which may also interfere with food or feed applications ofthe microalgal biomass.
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