While damage by pine shoot beetles and folivorous insects
was lower in the managed stands compared to the unmanaged
ones, no differences between the two stand types were found in
the densities of aphid eggs and number of galls caused by E.
resinella. Our results thus suggest that the effect of forest
management on pest herbivores is dependent on the insect
feeding guild. This is as expected because stand thinning is
known to affect tree growth and vigour, which has been shown
to have differential effects on insect feeding guilds (Larsson,
1989; Price, 1991; Koricheva et al., 1998).