2.3. Sunflower meal fractionation
A slightly modified fractionation protocol reported by
Villanueva et al. (1999) was employed for the production of
protein isolate from SFM (Fig. 2). Fractionation begun with suspension
of SFM in water (1:10, w/v) leading to the production of
three distinct phases: (1) the lignocellulose-rich fraction (LF) that
floated at the top of the aqueous suspension, (2) the protein-rich
fraction (PF) that precipitated and (3) the intermediate aqueous
solution (soluble fraction) that contained soluble compounds from SFM. The phenolic compounds were removed either from the
SFM or the PF fraction as described below. Subsequently, alkaline
treatment with 5M NaOH until a pH value of 10.5 was carried
out in order to solubilize the protein fraction. After separation
of residual solids, the pH value of the liquid stream was reduced
to the isoelectric region (around pH value of 4.3) leading to the
precipitation of sunflower proteins. The residual streams of this
process are the soluble fraction, the LF, the solid residue (SR) generated
after alkaline solubilization of proteins and the supernatant
that remains after precipitation of the protein isolate stream.
2.3. Sunflower meal fractionationA slightly modified fractionation protocol reported byVillanueva et al. (1999) was employed for the production ofprotein isolate from SFM (Fig. 2). Fractionation begun with suspensionof SFM in water (1:10, w/v) leading to the production ofthree distinct phases: (1) the lignocellulose-rich fraction (LF) thatfloated at the top of the aqueous suspension, (2) the protein-richfraction (PF) that precipitated and (3) the intermediate aqueoussolution (soluble fraction) that contained soluble compounds from SFM. The phenolic compounds were removed either from theSFM or the PF fraction as described below. Subsequently, alkalinetreatment with 5M NaOH until a pH value of 10.5 was carriedout in order to solubilize the protein fraction. After separationof residual solids, the pH value of the liquid stream was reducedto the isoelectric region (around pH value of 4.3) leading to theprecipitation of sunflower proteins. The residual streams of thisprocess are the soluble fraction, the LF, the solid residue (SR) generatedafter alkaline solubilization of proteins and the supernatantthat remains after precipitation of the protein isolate stream.
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