Parents and Grandparents and Refugees had a lower incidence and lower average amounts of
income from private pension for all years since landing. Incidence for elderly immigrants in
these categories never exceeded 20 percent and for most years it remained below 10 percent.
Long-term and short-term elders in these categories reported just under $5 000 of income from
this source in from the 10-year mark and on. Immediate elders in the Parents and Grandparents
category reported $8 500 from at the 10-year mark and thereafter, while immediate elders in the
Refugee category reported no income from private pension.