Among the studies against the added role of supplying MMN to pregnant mothers, the study by Parul Christian,which was about the Effects of alternative maternal micronutrient supplements on low birth weight in rural Nepal, revealed that Antenatal folic acid-iron supplements modestly reduce the risk of low birth weight but MMN confer no additional benefit over folic acid-iron in reducing this risk. Another Indian study by Umesh Kapil
et al. also said MMN Supplements will not Reduce Incidence of Low Birth weight and other pregnancy outcomes. The Hungarian RCT study by Czeizel AE also revealed that Periconceptional multivitamin
supplementation increased fertility but had no significant
effect on the rate of different groups of fetal deaths, low
birth weight and preterm birth in singletons