4.3. The perfect storm
But now the stimulus was spinning out of control. Table 3 assembles available data on fiscal deficits, on growth in bank credit and on corporate bond issuance for 2008, 2009 and 2010. The huge fiscal injection was joined, and indeed dwarfed, by what some commentators have called “a tsunami of credit expansion”. Together, these sources brought new funds totaling CNY 4.8 trillion into the economy in 2008, and more than double that in 2009.
Table 4 estimates the size of the stimulus effort during the past three years. To derive the net effect of the stimulus programme, a distinction is made between the “normal” growth in credit that accompanies economic expansion and the extraordinary growth created by stimulus. Normal credit growth is estimated at CNY 3.93 trillion, 4.55 trillion and 6 trillion for 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, based on the average credit growth of 15% per annum during the period 2003-07. The normal credit growth for 2008, 2009 and 2010 are subtracted from total credit expansion for the three years, respectively,
to derive the effect of the stimulus. For new bond finance, half of the new addition each year is taken, since it is not possible to define “normal” for such a nascent sector.12 These figures show that, altogether, a conservative estimate would place the stimulus at CNY 9.5 trillion, or 27% of GDP, over the 27 months. This was 2.4 times the size of the announced stimulus package. In 2009 alone, it was CNY 6.5 trillion, or 19.3% of the current year GDP.
4.3. The perfect storm
But now the stimulus was spinning out of control. Table 3 assembles available data on fiscal deficits, on growth in bank credit and on corporate bond issuance for 2008, 2009 and 2010. The huge fiscal injection was joined, and indeed dwarfed, by what some commentators have called “a tsunami of credit expansion”. Together, these sources brought new funds totaling CNY 4.8 trillion into the economy in 2008, and more than double that in 2009.
Table 4 estimates the size of the stimulus effort during the past three years. To derive the net effect of the stimulus programme, a distinction is made between the “normal” growth in credit that accompanies economic expansion and the extraordinary growth created by stimulus. Normal credit growth is estimated at CNY 3.93 trillion, 4.55 trillion and 6 trillion for 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, based on the average credit growth of 15% per annum during the period 2003-07. The normal credit growth for 2008, 2009 and 2010 are subtracted from total credit expansion for the three years, respectively,
to derive the effect of the stimulus. For new bond finance, half of the new addition each year is taken, since it is not possible to define “normal” for such a nascent sector.12 These figures show that, altogether, a conservative estimate would place the stimulus at CNY 9.5 trillion, or 27% of GDP, over the 27 months. This was 2.4 times the size of the announced stimulus package. In 2009 alone, it was CNY 6.5 trillion, or 19.3% of the current year GDP.
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