2. Method
2.1. Design
A pre-/posttest experimental design was used as shown in
Fig. 1
.
A VME environment of high fidelity was used; it
retained the features and interactions of the subject domain of
the study as PME did. Additionally, a conscious effort was
made to have the same level of richness and transparency in
both the PME and VME environments, and to situate both
PME and VME within the same instructional context; that is,
the same instructors, method of instruction (inquiry), curric-
ulum/teaching materials (Physics by Inquiry;
McDermott &
The Physics Education Group, 1996
, pp. 163
e
184) and
procedures (as defined by the Physics by Inquiry curriculum;
e.g., students work in small groups throughout the course)
were used. The selection of the Physics by Inquiry curric-
ulum was based on the fact that it enhances undergraduate
students’ understanding of physics concepts more than more
traditional, passive modes of instruction (
Redish & Steinberg,
1999
)
2. Method2.1. DesignA pre-/posttest experimental design was used as shown inFig. 1. A VME environment of high fidelity was used; itretained the features and interactions of the subject domain ofthe study as PME did. Additionally, a conscious effort wasmade to have the same level of richness and transparency inboth the PME and VME environments, and to situate bothPME and VME within the same instructional context; that is,the same instructors, method of instruction (inquiry), curric-ulum/teaching materials (Physics by Inquiry;McDermott &The Physics Education Group, 1996, pp. 163e184) andprocedures (as defined by the Physics by Inquiry curriculum;e.g., students work in small groups throughout the course)were used. The selection of the Physics by Inquiry curric-ulum was based on the fact that it enhances undergraduatestudents’ understanding of physics concepts more than moretraditional, passive modes of instruction (Redish & Steinberg,1999)
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