The crystalline phases of calcined and uncalcined sand were
analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the analysis was conducted in
a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer. The patterns were obtained
using Cu K radiation at 30 kV and 25 mA. Data were collected in
the scanning angle (2h) range of 20–80 with step time of 0.3 s and step of 0.03