Also, demographics and other covariates were determined.
Race/ethnicity was derived from the country of birth of the participant’s
parents. An individual was considered to be Caucasian
if both parents were born in Europe (with the exception of Turkey,
because of a higher risk for GDM) or North America. Further,
educational level was assessed as the highest level of education
an individual reported to have achieved, which was then
divided into lower, middle, or higher educational level. Moreover,
participants were asked to report on their status of employment
(yes/no).