The Cartagena Protocol is what set the rule to control international transfers
of LMOs based on “The Convention on Biological Diversity,” which aims at
conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity on the earth. (Medicine
for human beings is excluded from this rule.)
The outline is,
5 6
Cartagena Act is the law that regulates the use of LMOs, to ensure the precise
and smooth implementation of the Cartagena Protocol on the Biosafety to
Convention on Biological Diversity. This act provides for rules to assess the effect
of LMOs on biological diversity in advance and also the way to appropriately use
LMOs.
The Cartagena Act separates uses into two types and uses different approaches
for evaluating each type.