2. Literary review
Evidence regarding the value-relevance of separate financial statements is rather limited both in
absolute terms and in comparison to consolidated data largely due to US companies not disclosing
parent accounts. Darrough and Harris (1991) examine the effects of consolidation in Japan and find
little evidence of incremental information content in consolidated data. They conclude, however, that
these results cannot be generalized due to the unique institutional environment and inter-firm
ownership relations in Japan. Likewise, Harris et al. (1997) provide weak evidence that consolidation
increases the value-relevance of accounting numbers for a sample of German firms, although findings
are not consistent across the sample years and the flexibility afforded in the application of domestic
GAAP to consolidated accounts is claimed to influence the results. In turn, Alford et al. (1993) find
that both unconsolidated and consolidated earnings are value-relevant for a set of non-US companies,
with consolidated data being more value-relevant. These results are in line with Abad et al. (2000),
who show that consolidated information dominates parent company information for a set of listed
companies in Spain.
2. Literary review
Evidence regarding the value-relevance of separate financial statements is rather limited both in
absolute terms and in comparison to consolidated data largely due to US companies not disclosing
parent accounts. Darrough and Harris (1991) examine the effects of consolidation in Japan and find
little evidence of incremental information content in consolidated data. They conclude, however, that
these results cannot be generalized due to the unique institutional environment and inter-firm
ownership relations in Japan. Likewise, Harris et al. (1997) provide weak evidence that consolidation
increases the value-relevance of accounting numbers for a sample of German firms, although findings
are not consistent across the sample years and the flexibility afforded in the application of domestic
GAAP to consolidated accounts is claimed to influence the results. In turn, Alford et al. (1993) find
that both unconsolidated and consolidated earnings are value-relevant for a set of non-US companies,
with consolidated data being more value-relevant. These results are in line with Abad et al. (2000),
who show that consolidated information dominates parent company information for a set of listed
companies in Spain.
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