Outcome measures were determined by an asses- sor blinded to participant allocation. The primary outcome measure was the short form of the Disabili- ties of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) ques- tionnaire (Quick-DASH).22, 23 The 11-item disability/ symptom component of the Quick-DASH was used, as previously detailed.24 The questionnaire meas- ures physical ability and symptoms of the upper extremity and explores the impact of functional im- pairment and pain on daily-living tasks, as well as on social and recreational activities, work and sleep. The score ranges from 0 to 100 points, with 0 reflect- ing no disability and 100 corresponding to the most severe disability