Social class, level of education, and occupation
are closely correlated, and some of the
social gradient in respiratory diseases may be
caused by occupational exposure. The extent
of confounding by occupation in epidemiological
studies will depend strongly on the spectre
of occupational exposure in the population
under study. However, several findings indicate
that confounding by occupational exposure
does not fully explain the association. Women
generally do not hold jobs with major exposure
to dusts and fumes that potentially cause respiratory
disease, yet socioeconomic differences in
lung function are found in both sexes,
although most studies indicate that they are
smaller in women.
Social class, level of education, and occupationare closely correlated, and some of thesocial gradient in respiratory diseases may becaused by occupational exposure. The extentof confounding by occupation in epidemiologicalstudies will depend strongly on the spectreof occupational exposure in the populationunder study. However, several findings indicatethat confounding by occupational exposuredoes not fully explain the association. Womengenerally do not hold jobs with major exposureto dusts and fumes that potentially cause respiratorydisease, yet socioeconomic differences inlung function are found in both sexes,although most studies indicate that they aresmaller in women.
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