which involves deriving some new
information from given information through processes of
inference, deduction, practical reasoning, or a perception of
relationships or patterns. One example is working out a
teacher’s timetable on the basis of given class timetables.
Another is deciding what course of action is best (for example
cheapest or quickest) for a given purpose and within given
constraints. The activity necessarily involves comprehending
and conveying information, as an information-gap activity, but
the information to be conveyed is not identical with that
initially comprehended. There is a piece of reasoning which
connects the two.