The standardized loading items shown in Table 3 were considered
significant as they surpassed the cut-off value of 0.50 (Hair, Black,
Babin, Anderson, & Tatham, 2010). The average variance extracted
(AVE) of latent constructs exceeded the recommended threshold
value of 0.50 (Hair et al., 2010), ranged from 0.532 to 0.600, which signifies
that more than one-half of the variances observed in the items
were accounted for by their hypothesized constructs. Therefore, the
current data have good convergent validity