IV. EXAMPLES OF ICALL SYSTEMS IN USE
There have been numerous reports on the development of ICALL systems over the years; however, it seems that most of the systems have remained in the prototype phase or have been developed purely for research purposes. Literature review has revealed three systems in particular that are confirmedly used in the language classroom, integrated into the foreign language learning curriculum, and continuously updated and improved [14]: E-Tutor for learning German as a second language, TAGARELA system for learning Portuguese at the university level, and Robo-Sensei for Japanese.
E-Tutor system is a comprehensive Web-based learning environment for university level learners of German. It employs AI and NLP techniques in order to achieve individualized learning experience. The system is mainly focused on vocabulary and grammar improvement for which it offers several types of exercises, namely translation, dictation, sentence formation and providing the missing word. Evaluation of these activities is supported by NLP and feedback is generated based on learner performance. In addition, each section has activities for listening and reading comprehension, culture and writing. Writing assessment, however, is not automated, and is done by the teacher [19][23].
TAGARELA is an ICALL system for learning university level Portuguese, intended to complement the existing pedagogical materials. It serves the purpose of an electronic workbook, and offers feedback on spelling, morphology, syntax and semantics to each individual learner. There are six activity types in total: reading and listening comprehension, picture description, rephrasing, fill-in-the-blanks and vocabulary exercises. Creators of the system point out four main tasks the system can perform: detect errors in the student input, diagnose knowledge level and skills of the learner, adapt the system accordingly and generate feedback [14][21].