The study looks at Vietnamandwe have selected LamDong Province as a case study area (Fig. 1). This is firstly because Lam Dong has been one of the two pilot provinces for the VietnamPES scheme (the Province of Son La is the second one), and it is also a pilot province for the national REDD+ program. Secondly, Lam Dong harbors large areas of intact tropical forests, while still experiencing both deforestation and forest degradation. Since the early 1990s, deforestation rates have decreased and the country has currently a positive net forest-cover change