With regards to the behavioural indicators of abdominal pain or discomfort, a low frequency of licking at the abdomen (performed by two calves) and lying down/getting up (performed by all calves) were observed. The highest number of lying down/getting up behaviours performed by one calf was 5 times within one observation period. No diarrhoea was observed in any of the experimental animals. Table 4 shows the accumulated observations for all six calves per level. The numbers in brackets show the number of animals that carried out the behaviour.