The connection between the femtocell and the femtocell gateway is encrypted using IPSec, which
prevents interception. There is also authentication when the femtocell is installed for the first time
to ensure that the access point is a valid one. Inside the femtocell are the complete workings of a
mobile phone basestation. Additional functions are also included, such as some of the RNC [8]
(Radio Network Controller) processing, which would normally reside at the mobile switching
centre. Some femtocells also include core network element so that data sessions can be managed
locally without needing to flow back through the operator’s switching centres.