Biological control of Aedes aegypti, mosquito vector of dengue fever and
dengue hemorrhagic fever using the extracts of kaffir lime (Citrus hyptrix DC.) peel
and ripe papaya (Carica papaya L.) ripe seeds was investigated. The plant products
were obtained by water and ethanolic extraction. A selected, major phytochemical
group of the extracts was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Their
cytoxicity was evaluated by brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). Bioefficacy of the
extracts on mosquito mortality was investigated on the egg hatching, the second
instar larvae, and the pupae of Ae. aegypti. Repellent activity of the extracts against
the mosquito adults was assessed using individual and paired combination of the
extracts by topical application on naked rat skin. The kaffir lime peel ethanolic
extract contained highest total phenolic compounds among the extracts. Thin layer
chromatographic separation and vanillin-sulphuric detection indicated the presence
of terpenes group. The cytotoxicity on brine shrimps, Artemia salina, was different in
a wide range between the water and ethanolic extracts. The kaffir lime peel water
extract and the ripe papaya seed ethanolic extract showed high toxic to A. salina with
LC50 value at 24 h of 68.81 ± 0.00 and 68.92 ± 0.22 μg/mL, respectively.
The ripe papaya seed ethanolic extract was most effective on inhibiting the egg
hatching of Ae. aegypti eggs in to larvae with EC50, 24 h, of 1.72 ± 0.00 mg/mL.