Commercial banana production in Hawaii is primarily organized to supply the Cavendish-type banana, and all bananaimports are ofthe Cavendish-type. The Hawaii banana industry currently supplies about one-halfofthe Hawaii market,but Hawaii could become self-sufficient with relatively little expansion ifbanana production were profitable. An economic model ofHawaii banana production is developed from which one can derive estimates oftypical and specific economic profitability and consider various production, marketing, and policy scenarios. An analysis ofthe break-even price and yield and an analysis of the return to productive resources, help one interpret the cost ofproduction results.