The primary outcome was the absolute change in hemoglobin A1c value between baseline and the end of the 6-month supervised exercise period. Secondary outcomes were plasma lipid values, blood pressure, and body composition. Hemoglobin A1c was measured by using turbid metric immune inhibition, and total cholesterol, high-den-sity lip protein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured by using enzymatic methods on a Beck-man-Coulter LX20 analyzer (Beckman Instruments, Brea, California). Low-density protein (LDL) cholesterol levels were calculated by using the Friedcake equation (11). Impedance and reactant were obtained by using a bio electrical impedance analyzer (101A Analyzer, RJL Systems, Clinton, Michigan), and fat-free mass was calculated by using the equation of Kyle and colleagues (12). Fat mass was calculated by subtracting fat-free mass from body weight. Percentage of body fat was calculated by dividing fat mass by body weight. Blood pressure was measured after 10 minutes at rest; the mean of 2 readings obtained 2 minutes apart was used in statistical analysis.