This review article provides an overview of plant regeneration from endosperm to produce polyploid
plants. We discuss the endosperm-ploidy levels and its applications in plant breeding. Representative
cases of successful endosperm culture and prospects of endosperm culture are described. In the first part
of the review, i.e., the background of endosperm culture, we discuss the importance of triploid plants,
meaning plants derived from the endosperm of diploid plants. A brief history of endosperm culture is also
provided, and a description of plant regeneration systems from the endosperm is given. The influence of
culture medium on callus induction and regeneration is indicated. Finally, prospects for endosperm culture
are proposed, and novel approaches for polyploidy breeding using endosperm culture are described.
This review article provides an overview of plant regeneration from endosperm to produce polyploid
plants. We discuss the endosperm-ploidy levels and its applications in plant breeding. Representative
cases of successful endosperm culture and prospects of endosperm culture are described. In the first part
of the review, i.e., the background of endosperm culture, we discuss the importance of triploid plants,
meaning plants derived from the endosperm of diploid plants. A brief history of endosperm culture is also
provided, and a description of plant regeneration systems from the endosperm is given. The influence of
culture medium on callus induction and regeneration is indicated. Finally, prospects for endosperm culture
are proposed, and novel approaches for polyploidy breeding using endosperm culture are described.
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