Fig. 5 – Fourier transform infrared spectra of membranes
under different conditions. (Line a) Virgin membrane; (line b)
membrane fouled by FW-S (water after sedimentation) and
backwashed with sodium hypochlorite solution; (line c)
membrane fouled by FW-S and backwashed with ultrapure
water; (line d) membrane fouled by FW-F (water after sand
filtration); (line e) membrane fouled by FW-B (water after
up-flow biologically active carbon treatment); (line f) membrane
fouled by FW-S.