The tanks were filled with granite gravel (1–2 cm diameter) as a growth medium. Two plastic tubes
of 4 cm diameter were inserted vertically into each wetland for water sampling: the first was to the mid-depth of the gravel
and the second to the bottom. Four common wetland plant species, Acorus calamus Linn., Cyperus flabelliformis Rottb.,
Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud., and Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash were used in the study. One plantlet (about 20 cm in
height) was planted in a wetland microcosm. Each species-specific wetland had five replications. They were randomly arranged
among the twenty microcosms. The wastewater used as influent to each wetland microcosm, came from a dormitory,
and flowed into a large depositing pool before use. The average concentration (average for 20 months, mg L1) was 45 19 of
5 d biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 130 52 of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 45 14 of total nitrogen (TN), 3.0 1.2
of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), 27 10 of NH4
þ, and 0.9 0.3 of NO3
.
The tanks were filled with granite gravel (1–2 cm diameter) as a growth medium. Two plastic tubesof 4 cm diameter were inserted vertically into each wetland for water sampling: the first was to the mid-depth of the graveland the second to the bottom. Four common wetland plant species, Acorus calamus Linn., Cyperus flabelliformis Rottb.,Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud., and Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash were used in the study. One plantlet (about 20 cm inheight) was planted in a wetland microcosm. Each species-specific wetland had five replications. They were randomly arrangedamong the twenty microcosms. The wastewater used as influent to each wetland microcosm, came from a dormitory,and flowed into a large depositing pool before use. The average concentration (average for 20 months, mg L1) was 45 19 of5 d biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 130 52 of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 45 14 of total nitrogen (TN), 3.0 1.2of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), 27 10 of NH4þ, and 0.9 0.3 of NO3.
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