Cassava starch was dried at 60 ◦C for 24 h. A suspension of 10%
(w/w) cassava starch in deionized water was heated with a constant
stirring in a boiling water bath for 25 min to get a constant
viscosity. The suspension was covered and chilled (5 ◦C) overnight
to allow gelation. Starch gel-to-dry starch powder ratio of 1:1.8
was subsequently mixed by overhead mixer for 10 min. After mixing,
the batter was dried in oven (60 ◦C) for 24 h and ground to
powder.