Having determined that sales on ReDigi’s website infringe Capitol’s copyrights, the Court turns to whether ReDigi is directly and/or secondarily liable for that infringement. Direct liability requires “volitional conduct” that “causes” the reproduction or distribution to be made. See Cartoon Network,. Secondary infringement occurs when a defendant contributed to or benefitted from a third party’s infringement such that it is “just” to hold the defendant accountable for the infringing activity. Sony. For the reasons stated below, the Court finds that ReDigi directly and secondarilyinfringed Capitol’s copyrights.