Table 2 summarises extraction parameter k (h1), which is the lipid mass transfer coefficient (from the algal cells into the organic solvent), and the R-square of regressions. With increased FNA concentration from 0 to 2.9 mg HNO2–N/L, the mass transfer coefficient k increased from 0.39 h1 to 0.96 h1. This 2.5-fold increase supports the conclusion that the intracellular lipids became more readily available for solvent extraction after FNA pretreatment. Experimental results and microscope observation revealed that one of the main reasons for
the increased lipid extraction yields by FNA pretreatment was the degradation of cell membrane and cell walls, which was achieved without associated lipid release (Table 1 and Fig. S2). Research on reactive nitrogen species have shown that FNA and its
derivatives such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous anhydride (N2O3) have effect on protein and polysaccharides degradation (Dedon and Tannenbaum, 2004), suggesting it can disrupt the barrier
to solvent penetration (cell membrane and cell wall) to help non-polar solvents like n-hexane more easily get access to the intracellular lipids. Since lipid extraction is largely limited by the contact time of solvent with intracellular lipids, disrupting the solvent
barrier can increase the lipid extraction rate thereby shortening the extraction time.
Table 2 summarises extraction parameter k (h1), which is the lipid mass transfer coefficient (from the algal cells into the organic solvent), and the R-square of regressions. With increased FNA concentration from 0 to 2.9 mg HNO2–N/L, the mass transfer coefficient k increased from 0.39 h1 to 0.96 h1. This 2.5-fold increase supports the conclusion that the intracellular lipids became more readily available for solvent extraction after FNA pretreatment. Experimental results and microscope observation revealed that one of the main reasons for
the increased lipid extraction yields by FNA pretreatment was the degradation of cell membrane and cell walls, which was achieved without associated lipid release (Table 1 and Fig. S2). Research on reactive nitrogen species have shown that FNA and its
derivatives such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous anhydride (N2O3) have effect on protein and polysaccharides degradation (Dedon and Tannenbaum, 2004), suggesting it can disrupt the barrier
to solvent penetration (cell membrane and cell wall) to help non-polar solvents like n-hexane more easily get access to the intracellular lipids. Since lipid extraction is largely limited by the contact time of solvent with intracellular lipids, disrupting the solvent
barrier can increase the lipid extraction rate thereby shortening the extraction time.
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