were used to calculate the absolute risk reductions (ARRs;
ARR5CER%EER%), and numbers needed to treat
(NNTs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals
(CIs) using standard formulas (95% CI5ARR 1.96
standard error).12,13 The NNT values (95% CIs for NNTs)
were obtained as reciprocals of ARR (NNT5100/ARR), as
previously described.12 To ensure the consistency of the
assessments throughout the study, two authors (EN, PS)
performed the data extraction independently, and any
disagreements were solved in consensus meetings. Pooling
data from individual studies (meta-analysis) was not
deemed suitable because of heterogeneous study designs,
quality of reporting methodological aspects, and trial
conduct.
To provide an overview of additional clinical studies in
this research area, the non-RCT studies that were identified
in the literature were scrutinized for the authors’ main conclusion(
s).
were used to calculate the absolute risk reductions (ARRs;ARR5CER%EER%), and numbers needed to treat(NNTs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) using standard formulas (95% CI5ARR 1.96 standard error).12,13 The NNT values (95% CIs for NNTs)were obtained as reciprocals of ARR (NNT5100/ARR), aspreviously described.12 To ensure the consistency of theassessments throughout the study, two authors (EN, PS)performed the data extraction independently, and anydisagreements were solved in consensus meetings. Poolingdata from individual studies (meta-analysis) was notdeemed suitable because of heterogeneous study designs,quality of reporting methodological aspects, and trialconduct.To provide an overview of additional clinical studies inthis research area, the non-RCT studies that were identifiedin the literature were scrutinized for the authors’ main conclusion(s).
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