During the past half century, animal production has increased in developing countries [1] and transport of animals for slaughter and breeding is increasing due to the global marketing system and structural adjustments [2]. Pretransport conditioning, time in transit, distance travelled, environmental conditions, and lairage at the slaughterhouse are all components of transportation that may negatively affect stress levels and diminish the economic value of the animals and the meat products [3].
There are growing concerns, about the welfare of livestock during transport and handling. Vehicle design, stocking density on vehicles, journey duration, time of feeding, mortality and weather conditions, among others are factors that affect slaughter animals’ welfare [4]. According to Gebresenbet [5], animal welfare during transport could be improved by these two strategic alternatives: 1) minimising stress inducing factors through improving animal logistics system and handling methods (improve handling, facilities for loading and unloading, driving perfor-