ECLS was performed when patients in cardiogenic shock were unresponsive to the
administration of vasopressors after the correction of hypovolemia and hypoxemia or when
arrest was prolonged or recurrent. The decision to implant ECLS, IABP, or both was
determined by the experienced interventional cardiologists in charge. When patients with
IABP deteriorated, we implanted ECLS therapy. All patients were expected to undergo early
revascularization and to receive medical therapy in accordance with guidelines [7,8].