Presentation effects such as these appear to be a relatively robust phenomenon, in that they have been documented for a number of different financial reporting items among both more- and less-sophisticated investors. For example, Hopkins (1996) finds that buy-side analysts are misled by differential accounting classification of economically identical securities. Maines and McDaniel (2000) find that investors’ assessments of (economically equivalent) comprehensive income vary based on accounting-standard-based, presentation-format differences. In an earlier study on comprehensive income, Hirst and Hopkins (1998) find that buy-side analysts differentially assess the likelihood of earnings management for economically identical circumstances. In related research, Hirst et al. (2004) find that the risk and valuation judgments of bank analysts are affected by how banks measure income, holding constant the underlying economics and information available to the analysts.