during one time step. Usually, β should be in the order of 1.0; smaller values can lead to more accurate results, but increase the risk of instability, whereas larger values tend to yield inaccurate, smoothed results. For this considered numerical model, the time step Δt¼0.005, which is based on the dimensionless parameter
β¼1.0.
The transient response of this considered cantilever beam subjected to a suddenly loaded and suddenly vanished force P¼1000g(t) are also studied. The time function g(t) is shown in Fig. 15 and the results are plotted in Fig. 16. The similar displacements u2 of point A can be obtained by the Wilson-θ, Houbolt and the damped Newmark's algorithm with δ¼0.6, α¼0.5. The Newmark's algorithm with δ¼0.7, α