It has been broadly accepted worldwide that global warming, indeed, is the greatest threat of the time to
the environment. Renewable energy (RE) is expected as a perfect solution to reduce global warming and
to endorse sustainable development. Progressive release of greenhouse gases (GHG) from increasing
energy-intensive industries has eventually caused human civilization to suffer. Realizing the exigency of
reducing emissions and simultaneously catering to needs of industries, researchers foresee the RE as the
perfect entrant to overcome these challenges. RE provides an effective option for the provision of energy
services from the technical point of view while biomass, a major source of energy in the world until
before industrialization when fossil fuels become dominant, appears an important renewable source of
energy and researches have proven from time to time its viability for large-scale production. Being a
widely spread source, biomass offers the execution of decentralized electricity generation gaining
importance in liberalized electricity markets. The decentralized power is characterized by generation of
electricity nearer to the demand centers, meeting the local energy needs. Researchers envisaged an
increasing decentralization of power supply, expected to make a particular contribution to climate
protection. This article investigates the progress and challenges for decentralized electricity generation
by palm oil biomass according to the overall concept of sustainable development.