Focus in this discussion of Brunei Darussalam is on the following: the history of the country's demographic situation; the government's overall approach to population problems; population data systems and development planning; institutional arrangements for the integration of population within development planning; the government's view of the importance of population policy in realizing development objectives; population size, growth, and natural increase; morbidity and mortality; fertility; international migration; and spatial distribution. A small self-governing sultanate that was a British protectorate until 1984, Brunei is located on the northwest coast of the island of Borneo. Prior to 1947, the country experienced moderate but steady increases in population growth, growing at an average annual rate of 1.6% between 1911-21, 1.7% between 1921-31, and at 1.9% between 1931-47. Since 1947 Brunei's population growth has been mainly propelled by immigration. The contribution of migration to population growth has fallen markedly in recent years, since temporary labor movements rather than permanent moves are now the prevailing type of immigration. Between 1971-81, the population grew at an average annual rate of 3.5%, with about 3% of the increase attributable to natural increase and the remainder to net migration. The government does not have an explicit policy designed to modify fertility or population growth. The government has formulated policies to provide health care for all by the year 2000 and to regulate temporary labor migration. The most recent census was conducted in 1981. Registration of births, deaths, and infant deaths is classified as complete by the UN. Brunei has not established a special unit responsible for population policies but has assigned this function to the national planning agency. The government has stated explicitly that it recognizes the two-way interrelationships between population and development. According to the 1981 census, Brunei's population was 192,800 -- some 34,000 fewer than the 1980 population estimate based on extrapolating the 1971 census figure of 136,000. The government considers the rate of natural increase and population growth to be satisfactory. The crude death rate in Brunei is 3.9/10,000 as of 1982. The infant mortality rate is 12.8/1000 live births in 1982. The government considers levels and trends of mortality to be acceptable but has expressed concern over the need to extend health care to the etire population. Brunei has moderately high levels of fertility, with a crude birthrate of 29.8 in 1982 and a total fertility rate of 4 births per woman. The government considers levels and trends of fertility to be satisfactory. The government considers patterns of spatial distribution to be more or less appropriate.