The effects of three levels of fat replacement (1/3,
2/3, and 3/3) by extruded flour paste and the effects of the
presence of emulsifier on layer cake batter characteristics
and final cake quality were studied. Replacement of oil by
extruded flour paste modified the batter density and microscopy,
reducing the number of air bubbles and increasing their
size, while emulsifier incorporation facilitated air entrapment
in batter. Emulsifier addition also increased the elastic and
viscous moduli of the batter, while oil reduction resulted in a
less structured batter. Emulsifier incorporation leads to good
quality cakes, minimizing the negative effect of oil reduction,
maintaining the volume and reducing the hardness of cakes.
Furthermore, consumer acceptability of the reduced fat cakes
was improved by the addition of emulsifier. Thus, the results
confirmed the positive effect of partial oil substitution (up to
2/3) by extruded flour paste on the quality of reduced fat cakes
when emulsifier was incorporated.